ABSTRACT:
It is just a technology to internetwork data server to provide services to end users In 1969 Leonard Klein rock one of the chief scientists of the ARPANET project which seeded the Internet said As of now computer networks are still in their infancy but as they grow up and become sophisticated we will probably see the spread of computer utilities which like present electric and telephone utilities will service individual homes and offices across the country Cloud Computing is based on a collection of many old and few new concepts in several research fields like Service Oriented Architectures distributed and grid computing as well as virtualization Although the definition of cloud computing is highly debated there is no doubt that it is the preferred hosting and deployment option of the near future Companies who deploy their applications and services through a virtualized environment on commoditized hardware can offer their customers far more flexibility than those who continue to deploy location dependent products it’s all about meaning of cloud computing now let’s see what the services it’s going to provide to we end users.
It is just a technology to internetwork data server to provide services to end users In 1969 Leonard Klein rock one of the chief scientists of the ARPANET project which seeded the Internet said As of now computer networks are still in their infancy but as they grow up and become sophisticated we will probably see the spread of computer utilities which like present electric and telephone utilities will service individual homes and offices across the country Cloud Computing is based on a collection of many old and few new concepts in several research fields like Service Oriented Architectures distributed and grid computing as well as virtualization Although the definition of cloud computing is highly debated there is no doubt that it is the preferred hosting and deployment option of the near future Companies who deploy their applications and services through a virtualized environment on commoditized hardware can offer their customers far more flexibility than those who continue to deploy location dependent products it’s all about meaning of cloud computing now let’s see what the services it’s going to provide to we end users.
1. Introduction
Cloud computing is a new word for computer users with multiple definitions depending on users and service providers. According to
Forrester’s definitions of cloud computing:
“A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed compute infrastructure capable of hosting end-users applications and billed by consumption.”
According to the IEEE computer society cloud computing is:
“A paradigm in which information is permanently stored in servers on the internet and cached temporarily on clients that include desktop, entertainment centers, table computers, notebooks, wall computers, handhelds, etc”
Simply it is a technology to provide services to users accessing through internet or intranet to any server that is centralized somewhere in cloud. Services are virtual and in the form of resources, application and also of platform with authentication to the users. And it is supported by a cloud provider that setup a platform which may include operating system, apache, mysql, database, php, Perl, python using an enterprise datacenter’s own servers, and can be provided by a cloud provider that takes all of the capital risk owning the infrastructure.
There are different types of Infrastructure models that cloud can provide private, public, and hybrid. In a private cloud, the infrastructure for implementing the cloud is controlled completely by the customer; private clouds are implemented in the customer’s data center and managed by internal resources. However, in the case of a private cloud, the customer IT group can choose to offload the management function to a cloud provider or third-party outsourcing firm. By doing so, they maintain all corporate data in resources under the control of the legal and contractual umbrella of the organization, but gain the benefit of professional and dedicated management of their resources. By controlling all data locally, the customer also eliminates the regulatory, legal and security concerns associated with information being processed on third party computing resources.
In a public cloud, external organizations provide the infrastructure and management required to implement the cloud. Public clouds dramatically simplify implementation and are typically billed based on multiple forms of usage. This transfers the cost from a capital expenditure to an operational expense and has the clear benefit of being able to quickly scale resources to meet the organization’s needs. Temporary applications or applications with burst resource requirements typically benefit from the public cloud’s ability to ratchet up resources when needed and then scale them back when they are no longer needed. As opposed to the control of a private cloud, customers using public clouds must deal with the risk of hosting provider data in an offsite organization outside the legal and regulatory umbrella of their own organization. In addition, as most public clouds leverage a worldwide network of data centers, it is difficult to document the physical location of data at any particular moment.
In some cases, customers will also garner a benefit by combining public and private clouds into a unified solution. The result of this combination is called a hybrid cloud. Applications for a given customer with significant legal, regulatory or service level concerns for information can be directed to a private cloud. Other applications with less stringent regulatory or service level requirements for that same customer can leverage a public cloud infrastructure. Implementation of a hybrid model requires additional coordination between the private and public service management system. This typically involves a federated policy management tool, seamless hybrid integration, unified security, information asset management, coordinated provisioning control, and joint monitoring systems. The end result is a model that meets the needs of the customer while combining the best parts of both cloud models.
The wrong perception about the cloud computing is that resources are infinite. A huge amount of resource is present but only up to a limit it is free after that it is on demand and user has to pay for that uses.
While the field is in its infancy, the model is taking information technology (IT) world for its advertisement. From one view of this gold coin “cloud computing” it is nothing new as it is using the concepts that are already established service oriented architecture, grid computing as well as virtualization. But from another side it is changes how we invent, develop, deploy, scale, update, maintain and pay for services.
Cloud computing is a new word for computer users with multiple definitions depending on users and service providers. According to
Forrester’s definitions of cloud computing:
“A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed compute infrastructure capable of hosting end-users applications and billed by consumption.”
According to the IEEE computer society cloud computing is:
“A paradigm in which information is permanently stored in servers on the internet and cached temporarily on clients that include desktop, entertainment centers, table computers, notebooks, wall computers, handhelds, etc”
Simply it is a technology to provide services to users accessing through internet or intranet to any server that is centralized somewhere in cloud. Services are virtual and in the form of resources, application and also of platform with authentication to the users. And it is supported by a cloud provider that setup a platform which may include operating system, apache, mysql, database, php, Perl, python using an enterprise datacenter’s own servers, and can be provided by a cloud provider that takes all of the capital risk owning the infrastructure.
There are different types of Infrastructure models that cloud can provide private, public, and hybrid. In a private cloud, the infrastructure for implementing the cloud is controlled completely by the customer; private clouds are implemented in the customer’s data center and managed by internal resources. However, in the case of a private cloud, the customer IT group can choose to offload the management function to a cloud provider or third-party outsourcing firm. By doing so, they maintain all corporate data in resources under the control of the legal and contractual umbrella of the organization, but gain the benefit of professional and dedicated management of their resources. By controlling all data locally, the customer also eliminates the regulatory, legal and security concerns associated with information being processed on third party computing resources.
In a public cloud, external organizations provide the infrastructure and management required to implement the cloud. Public clouds dramatically simplify implementation and are typically billed based on multiple forms of usage. This transfers the cost from a capital expenditure to an operational expense and has the clear benefit of being able to quickly scale resources to meet the organization’s needs. Temporary applications or applications with burst resource requirements typically benefit from the public cloud’s ability to ratchet up resources when needed and then scale them back when they are no longer needed. As opposed to the control of a private cloud, customers using public clouds must deal with the risk of hosting provider data in an offsite organization outside the legal and regulatory umbrella of their own organization. In addition, as most public clouds leverage a worldwide network of data centers, it is difficult to document the physical location of data at any particular moment.
In some cases, customers will also garner a benefit by combining public and private clouds into a unified solution. The result of this combination is called a hybrid cloud. Applications for a given customer with significant legal, regulatory or service level concerns for information can be directed to a private cloud. Other applications with less stringent regulatory or service level requirements for that same customer can leverage a public cloud infrastructure. Implementation of a hybrid model requires additional coordination between the private and public service management system. This typically involves a federated policy management tool, seamless hybrid integration, unified security, information asset management, coordinated provisioning control, and joint monitoring systems. The end result is a model that meets the needs of the customer while combining the best parts of both cloud models.
The wrong perception about the cloud computing is that resources are infinite. A huge amount of resource is present but only up to a limit it is free after that it is on demand and user has to pay for that uses.
While the field is in its infancy, the model is taking information technology (IT) world for its advertisement. From one view of this gold coin “cloud computing” it is nothing new as it is using the concepts that are already established service oriented architecture, grid computing as well as virtualization. But from another side it is changes how we invent, develop, deploy, scale, update, maintain and pay for services.
2. Concepts related to cloud computing:
Cluster Computing: A cluster is a type of parallel and distributed system, which consists of a collection of inter- connected computers working together as a single integrated computing resource.
Grid Computing: A grid is a type of parallel and distributed system that enables the sharing, selection, and aggregation of geographically distributed ‘autonomous’ resources dynamically at runtime depending on their availability, capability, performance, cost, and users quality-of-service requirements.
Virtualization: Virtualization is another very useful concept. It allows abstraction and isolation of lower level functionalities and underlying hardware. This enables portability of higher level functions and sharing or aggregation of the physical resources.
Utility Computing: A model of purchasing computing capacity, such as CPU, storage, and bandwidth, from an IT service provider, billed based on consumption.
Cluster Computing: A cluster is a type of parallel and distributed system, which consists of a collection of inter- connected computers working together as a single integrated computing resource.
Grid Computing: A grid is a type of parallel and distributed system that enables the sharing, selection, and aggregation of geographically distributed ‘autonomous’ resources dynamically at runtime depending on their availability, capability, performance, cost, and users quality-of-service requirements.
Virtualization: Virtualization is another very useful concept. It allows abstraction and isolation of lower level functionalities and underlying hardware. This enables portability of higher level functions and sharing or aggregation of the physical resources.
Utility Computing: A model of purchasing computing capacity, such as CPU, storage, and bandwidth, from an IT service provider, billed based on consumption.
3. Infrastructure Issue:
The very much back bone of the entire concept or the very much demandable by the end users is the infrastructure service in cloud computing. And the service is called as Infrastructure-as-a-service. It provides space for data storage, processing unit, memory and also network communication. There are many websites providing space for data storage like Amazon’s ghost.cc, at present it is a public cloud, but it is going to be a private cloud, another online operating system is beta.cloudo.com, it is also free to sign up, it is providing a virtual desktop and application developing tool, users can develop their own application on cloud. Oss.com, eyeos.com and humyo.com are the similar types of cloud service provider. Where EYEOS is open source web desktop, it is mainly written in PHP, XML and JAVASCRIPT. Cloud storage also includes database services. Examples are Google’s big table, Amazon’s simple DB etc. Amazon offers S3 for storage, EC2 for computing power, and SQS for network communication for small users. Infrastructure providers can allocate more computing power and hardware resources to applications as demanded by users and allow several machines to run same application. There are some websites providing memory use and processing capacity more that the guest system, example-elastichost.com.
Intel and AMD have independently developed virtualization extensions to X86 architecture called hardware virtualization. This and other recent hardware advances such as Intel’s corei5 is further boosting the adoption of virtualization. A full virtual service-oriented infrastructure is composed of a wide range of technology that provide resource aggregation, management, accessibility and mobility, the foundation core of virtual infrastructure is hypervisor. The two virtualization hypervisors available for x86 architecture are VMware ESX server 3.0.1 and open-source XEN 3.0.3 to validate their readiness for enterprise datacenters.
The very much back bone of the entire concept or the very much demandable by the end users is the infrastructure service in cloud computing. And the service is called as Infrastructure-as-a-service. It provides space for data storage, processing unit, memory and also network communication. There are many websites providing space for data storage like Amazon’s ghost.cc, at present it is a public cloud, but it is going to be a private cloud, another online operating system is beta.cloudo.com, it is also free to sign up, it is providing a virtual desktop and application developing tool, users can develop their own application on cloud. Oss.com, eyeos.com and humyo.com are the similar types of cloud service provider. Where EYEOS is open source web desktop, it is mainly written in PHP, XML and JAVASCRIPT. Cloud storage also includes database services. Examples are Google’s big table, Amazon’s simple DB etc. Amazon offers S3 for storage, EC2 for computing power, and SQS for network communication for small users. Infrastructure providers can allocate more computing power and hardware resources to applications as demanded by users and allow several machines to run same application. There are some websites providing memory use and processing capacity more that the guest system, example-elastichost.com.
Intel and AMD have independently developed virtualization extensions to X86 architecture called hardware virtualization. This and other recent hardware advances such as Intel’s corei5 is further boosting the adoption of virtualization. A full virtual service-oriented infrastructure is composed of a wide range of technology that provide resource aggregation, management, accessibility and mobility, the foundation core of virtual infrastructure is hypervisor. The two virtualization hypervisors available for x86 architecture are VMware ESX server 3.0.1 and open-source XEN 3.0.3 to validate their readiness for enterprise datacenters.
There is a requirement of more strong architecture to function properly and resist the overload of users. As beta.cloudo.com is working well on first start up but on next login it is opening with some error. It requires more hand to be engaged in the cloud use. Require more users to take interest in cloud, leading to new scope for cloud, to invent beyond present cloud.
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